中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
特写:马街书会再续前约:鼓乐喧腾上演千台戏******
中新网平顶山2月3日电 题:特写:马街书会再续前约:鼓乐喧腾上演千台戏
中新网记者 韩章云
正月的中原大地还在寒冬中眺望春天,而在河南平顶山宝丰县城南的马街村,传承七百多年的曲艺盛会——马街书会已火热开唱。
2月3日,正月十三,当日是首批国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目马街书会正会日子。早上8时,赶会的民众扶老携幼如潮水般涌向马街村600亩麦田,这里历来是马街书会的主会场。还是那座笑迎八方客的击鼓说唱俑主题雕塑,还是那片开阔的青青麦田,时隔三年再次迎来天南海北的曲艺人在此说书亮艺、交流切磋、拜师收徒。
马街书会,俗称“十三马街会”,是中国民间曲艺盛会。书会期间,河南坠子、四川清音、湖北渔鼓、山东快书、凤阳花鼓、陕西快板以及大鼓书、评书、乱弹、道情等曲种应有尽有。说唱艺人们以天为幕地为台倾情献艺,观众饱眼福耳福,“一日能看千台戏、三天能听万卷书。”参与的艺人与观众有十数万人,热闹非凡。
曲艺人再续前约
因疫情暂停三年的马街书会今年重启线下大型活动。从正月初七(1月28日)祭火神拉开马街书会序幕后,对戏、拜师收徒等活动陆续展开,在正月十三(2月3日)正会日达到高潮。
2月3日,在马街书会现场,刘井彩一亮嗓就引来里三层外三层的观众,这位70岁的民间曲艺人从安徽界首远道而来,为观众表演渔鼓。铿锵的鼓点、声如洪钟的说唱,精彩之处,观众掌声、叫好声不绝。
“等了三年终于在马街书会现场开唱,高兴得很。”刘井彩告诉记者,疫情前他和同伴连续十多年来马街书会亮书献艺,也因此和许多民间曲艺人成为老朋友,今年重返马街书会,他期待见到熟识的老艺人切磋切磋技艺,再把会的曲子唱给年轻人听,希望他们能传承下去。
传承七百多年的马街书会,也在潜移默化中让曾经赶会看热闹的娃娃成为书会上亮艺献唱的主角。
10岁的胡梦哲就是马街村人,学业之余跟着师父学了三年河南坠子,这一次她终于有机会站在马街书会现场表演,成为马街书会新生代艺人。面对层层围观的观众,她的表演落落大方,嗓音清亮、吐词清晰,受到师父和观众的夸赞。
唱河南坠子对胡梦哲来说是一件有趣又神气的事,尤其是获得观众的掌声,自豪感立马涌上心头。如今,她也有了一个宏大的梦想:“我期待将来能成为马街书会的‘书状元’,在更远、更大的舞台上唱响河南坠子。”
在马街书会主会场的东南角,两座并排排列的硕大戏棚前聚满观众,来自宝丰当地的一个豫剧团和曲剧团正在对戏,两家剧团通过精彩的表演各自吸引观众赢得掌声,最后一较胜负,这也是马街书会的经典项目。
27岁的闫启超是土生土长的宝丰人,从小就赶马街书会的他今年首次以演员的身份在马街书会上演出。一天连续唱戏四五个小时,明明是一件辛苦的差事,他却甘之如饴。
“我生长在曲艺之乡宝丰,从小耳濡目染就十分喜爱曲艺、戏曲艺术,唱戏演出也就不觉得辛苦。”闫启超也坦言在马街书会上为家乡父老演出压力很大,“只有提着劲儿好好唱,才不负老乡们的热情。”
今年,著名评书艺术家刘兰芳也如约来到马街书会现场,给观众们带来经典评书《岳飞传》,此行她还参加马街书会曲艺培训学校揭牌暨说唱艺术团授旗仪式等活动。
从1981年首次参加马街书会至今,79岁的刘兰芳已赶会19次,在她心中,马街书会就是一个多年好友,正月十三回到宝丰赶会就是她和马街书会的“约定”。她也见证了马街书会从民间自发组织走向国家级非遗项目以及现在国家级说唱文化生态保护实验区落地宝丰。
“马街书会越来越好了,路修宽了,有了‘书状元’榜,有了主题塑像,还建有中国曲艺交易中心、中华曲艺展览馆,变化很大,特别是2019年马街书会盛况空前。”刘兰芳说,延续七百年的马街书会为中国的曲艺传承做出了巨大贡献,现在书会越办越好,将来通过发展曲艺小镇等文旅融合项目,马街书会也一定能为当地热爱曲艺的民众带来更好的生活。
丰富多彩活动迎马街书会重启
记者了解到,今年马街书会系列活动以“书说天下唱响万家”为主题,通过线上、线下丰富多彩的活动庆祝盛会重启。包括祭火神、对戏、收徒拜师、亮书、书状元评选、写书下乡等民俗活动,同时第五届优秀长篇大书擂台赛,马街书会《历届书状元展演》将也在麦田大舞台展现。
以天为幕地为台,马街书会期间,各路艺人在麦田里、小路旁摆下阵式,扎起摊子,打起简板,拉起琴弦,这就开始了说唱。“鼓子声声走雷喧,琴声悠悠流细涓。大调坠子传神韵,唱醉听客马街前”的生动画面再次上演。
平顶山说唱文化(宝丰)生态保护发展中心主任申红霞表示,按照《国家级文化生态保护区管理办法》,当地将保护好以马街书会等为代表的非物质文化遗产,全面建设好国家级说唱文化生态保护实验区,为中华优秀传统文化的传承和保护探索宝丰路径、作出宝丰贡献。(完)
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() ![]() 168彩票地图 |